01
Transformer e Pholisang e Kenngoeng ka Oli bakeng sa Tšebeliso ea Liindasteri
Tlhaloso ea Sehlahisoa
Tlhahisoleseding ea Motheo
| Ntho | Tlhaloso |
| Mohlala oa Sehlahisoa | Mohlala: S11-M-500/10, S13-R-1000/20, S15-H-2500/35 (S=Mekhahlelo e Meraro; 11/13/15=Sehlopha sa Bokgoni; M/R/H=Mofuta wa Sebopeho; Bokgoni kVA/HV kV) |
| Bokgoni bo Lekantsoeng (Sn) | 30kVA~5000kVA (ONAN: bokgoni bo lekantsweng ka 100%; ODAF: 130%; ODWF: 160%) |
| Mokhahlelo/Maqhubu | Mekhahlelo e meraro (e tloaelehileng); 50Hz/60Hz (mamello ea ± 1%, e ka fetoloang bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e khethehileng ea 400Hz) |
| Sehlopha sa Khokahano | Dyn11 (kamehla bakeng sa kabo), Yd11 (bakeng sa transformer ea motlakase); Yyn0 (ha ho hlokahale) |
| Mofuta oa ho Pholisa | ONAN (Oli ea Moea oa Tlhaho oa Oli) / ODAF (Moea o Lebisitsoeng ka Oli) / ODWF (Metsi a Lebisitsoeng ka Oli) |
Maemo a Tshebetso le Tikoloho
| Mocheso o Tikolohang | -25℃~40℃ (e tloaelehileng); -40℃~45℃ (mehlala ea mocheso o tlase/mocheso o phahameng e nang le oli e fetotsoeng). |
| Bophahamo | ≤1000m (e fokotseha ka 5% ho 1500m, 10% ho 3000m, 15% ho 4000m). |
| Mongobo | ≤90% @25℃ (ha ho na condensation); ≤50% @40℃. |
| Khanyetso ea Litšisinyeho tsa Lefatše | GB 50260-2013 / IEC 60076-11, matla a di-degree tse 7 (ho potlakisa ha 0.15g); boikgethelo ba di-degree tse 8. |
| Sehlopha sa Tšireletso | IP23 (kantle, e haneloang ke lerole/pula) / IP20 (ka tlung). |
Tahlehelo le Phephetso (Boleng bo Tloaelehileng ho ya ka Sehlopha sa Bokgoni)
| Sehlopha sa Bokgoni | Paramethara | Mohlala oa 500kVA/10kV | Boemo ba Teko |
| S11 (IEC IE1) | Tahlehelo e se nang mojaro (Po) | ≤810W | Motlakase/maqhubu a lekantsoeng |
| Tahlehelo ea Moroalo (Pk) | ≤5200W | E lekantsoe hona joale, 75℃ | |
| S13 (IEC IE2) | Tahlehelo e se nang mojaro (Po) | ≤650W (20% ka tlase ho S11) | Motlakase/maqhubu a lekantsoeng |
| Tahlehelo ea Moroalo (Pk) | ≤4800W | E lekantsoe hona joale, 75℃ | |
| S15 (IEC IE3) | Tahlehelo e se nang mojaro (Po) | ≤520W (36% ka tlase ho S11) | Motlakase/maqhubu a lekantsoeng |
| Tahlehelo ea Moroalo (Pk) | ≤4500W | E lekantsoe hona joale, 75℃ | |
| Lihlopha Tsohle | Impedance ea Potoloho e Khutšoanyane (Uk%) | 4%~6% (boemo ba 10kV); 6%~8% (boemo ba 35kV) | 75℃, mamello ea ± 10% |
| Ha ho na Mojaro oa Hona Joale (Io%) | ≤1.0% (30 ~ 250kVA); ≤0.6% (≥315kVA) | Motlakase o lekantsoeng |
Ho Latela Melao ka Bokgoni: GB 20052-2024 Sehlopha sa 2 (S11/S13) / Sehlopha sa 1 (S15); IEC 60076-11 IE1/IE2/IE3
Mohlala S13-500/10 Litlhaloso tsa Bohlokoa
| Ntho | Boleng |
| Bokgoni bo Lekantsoeng | 500kVA |
| Motlakase oa HV/LV/Motlakase oa Hona Joale | 10kV/28.87A; 0.4kV/721.7A |
| Tahlehelo ea ho se be le mojaro/mojaro | ≤650W / ≤4800W |
| Impedance ea Potoloho e Khutšoanyane | 4.5% |
| Mokhoa oa ho Pholisa | BACHA |
| Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha | Tšepe ea Silicon ea 30Q130 |
| Sehlopha sa Tšireletso | IP23 |
E ka fetoloa bakeng sa li-voltage tse khethehileng (mohlala, 6.3kV, 13.8kV), litlhoko tsa bophahamo bo phahameng (≥3000m), kapa tse sa phatloheng (Ex d IIB T4). Liparamitha tsohle li netefalitsoe ke SGS/Intertek.
Melemo
1. Bokgoni bo Phahameng ba ho Hasanya Mocheso
Ka ho sebedisa motlakase o phahameng wa oli e sireletsang mocheso, transformer e fetisetsa mocheso o hlahiswang ke dikhoele tsa kahare le di-core ka katleho ho ya tanka (le di-radiator tsa kantle). Sena se nolofalletsa tshebetso e tsitsitseng esita le tlasa mojaro o moholo kapa maemo a malelele a tshebetso a tswelang pele, ho thibela tshenyo ya karolo e bakwang ke ho chesa haholo le ho netefatsa tlhahiso e tsitsitseng ya motlakase.
2. Tshebetso e ntle ea ho kenya mocheso
Oli e sireletsang mocheso ha e felise mocheso feela empa hape e ntlafatsa ho thibela motlakase pakeng tsa likarolo tse ka hare (mohlala, likhoele, li-core tsa tšepe). E arola moea, mongobo le lerōle ka katleho, e fokotsa kotsi ea ho lutla kapa lipotoloho tse khutšoane. Molemo ona o etsa hore transformer e tšepahale haholo libakeng tse mongobo, tse lerōle, kapa tse thata tsa indasteri.
3. Bokhoni bo Matla ba ho Jara Meroho e Feteletseng
Sebopeho se qoelitsoeng ka oli le ho qhala ha mocheso ho ntlafalitsoeng ho dumella transformer ho mamella ho jara ka nako e khuts'oane (mohlala, ho phahama ha motlakase ka tšohanyetso tlhahisong ea indasteri kapa tšebeliso ea motlakase ea baahi e phahameng). Bokhoni ba eona ba ho monya le ho qhala mocheso o feteletseng kapele bo fokotsa ho senyeha ha ts'ebetso, ho qoba ho koaloa ho sa lebelloang.
4. Bophelo bo Bolelele ba Tšebeletso
Tanka ea oli e koetsoeng e sireletsa likarolo tsa ka hare ho mafome a kantle, lerōleng le ho senyeha ha mechine. Ho feta moo, oli ea boleng bo holimo ea ho thibela ho ruruha e boloka ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ha nako e ntse e ea, e liehisa botsofali ba likhoele le thepa ea ho thibela ho ruruha. Bophelo ba moralo oa transformer hangata bo feta lilemo tse 20, e leng se fokotsang makhetlo a ho nkeloa sebaka ha lisebelisoa.
5. Litlhoko tse Tlase tsa Tlhokomelo
Sebopeho se koetsoeng se fokotsa ho pepesehela litšila tse kantle, se fokotsa tlhoko ea ho hloekisa ka hare khafetsa kapa ho nkela likarolo tse ling sebaka. Tlhokomelo ea kamehla e kenyelletsa feela ho hlahloba boemo ba oli nako le nako, boleng ba oli le ho tiea ha tanka—ho nolofatsa ts'ebetso le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo ea nako e telele.
6. E loketse Maemo a Phahameng a Motlakase
Ka lebaka la ho thibela mocheso le ho qhala mocheso hantle, Transformer e Kenngoeng ka Oli e sebelisoa haholo li-grid tsa motlakase tse nang le motlakase o phahameng, lifeme tse kholo tsa indasteri, le merero ea meralo ea motheo (mohlala, phetiso ea motlakase lipakeng tsa liteishene tse nyane). E fihlela litekanyetso tse tiileng tsa ho hanyetsa motlakase, e netefatsa phetiso ea motlakase o phahameng e bolokehileng le e sebetsang hantle.
Pontšo ea Sehlahisoa
Kopo
I. Sistimi ea Motlakase: Lisebelisoa tsa Bohlokoa bakeng sa Phetiso le Kabo ea Motlakase o Phahameng
Jwalo ka lejwe la motheo la digridi tsa motlakase, Transformer e qoedisitsweng ka oli e bohlokwa haholo bakeng sa phetoho ya motlakase le phetiso ya motlakase, haholoholo ho:
● Marangrang a phetiso ea motlakase o nang le motlakase o phahameng: E sebelisoa phetisong ea motlakase o hole pakeng tsa li-grid tsa motlakase tsa libaka (mohlala, ho tloha litsing tsa motlakase ho ea litsing tse bohareng). Ho thibela ha eona mocheso le ho qhala ha mocheso ho etsa hore ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng tlas'a motlakase o phahameng (110kV, 220kV, kapa esita le 500kV) le motlakase o moholo, e leng se fokotsang tahlehelo ea matla nakong ea phetiso ea motlakase o hole.
● Phetoho ea motlakase oa seteishene se senyenyane: Ha e kentsoe litsing tse nyenyane tsa mantlha le tsa bobeli, e theola matla a motlakase o phahameng (ho tloha meleng ea phetisetso) ho ea ho motlakase o mahareng/o tlase (10kV, 0.4kV) bakeng sa kabo e latelang ho basebelisi ba indasteri le libaka tsa bolulo, e bapisa litlhoko tsa motlakase tsa basebelisi ba fapaneng ba ho qetela.
● Marangrang a kabo ea metse le mahaeng: Bakeng sa libaka tse nang le tlhoko e phahameng ea motlakase kapa tse nang le sebaka se seholo sa ho koahela motlakase (mohlala, libaka tsa indasteri tsa litoropo, litoropo tsa mahaeng), e ikamahanya le meroalo e feto-fetohang le maemo a thata a kantle (liphetoho tsa mocheso, mongobo), e netefatsa phepelo e tšepahalang ea motlakase ho basebelisi ba hasaneng.
II. Lekala la Liindasteri: Phepelo ea Motlakase e Tšepahalang bakeng sa Mesebetsi e Boima
Bokhoni ba eona ba ho mamella meroalo e phahameng le tikoloho e thata bo e etsa khetho e ntle bakeng sa maemo a indasteri a nang le litlhoko tse tsoelang pele tsa matla a matla a phahameng:
● Indasteri e boima le tlhahiso: E sebelisoa lifemeng tsa tšepe, lifemeng tsa lik'hemik'hale le lifekthering tsa mechini, e matlafatsa lisebelisoa tse nang le matla a maholo (mohlala, liontong tsa ho phatloha, li-reactor tsa lik'hemik'hale, mela ea tlhahiso). Bokhoni ba eona bo matla ba ho jara boima bo sebetsana le ho phahama ha matla ka tšohanyetso nakong ea tlhahiso e phahameng, ha sebopeho sa eona se koetsoeng se hanela lerōle, likhase tse senyang le ho thothomela ha mechini.
● Tšehetso ea tlhahiso ea matla a macha: E sebelisoa litsing tsa motlakase tsa letsatsi (PV) le tsa moea e le "li-transformer tse nyolohang". E eketsa motlakase o nang le motlakase o tlase o hlahisoang ke liphanele tsa PV kapa li-turbine tsa moea ho ea ho motlakase o phahameng, e leng se nolofalletsang ho kopanngoa ka katleho le gridi ea motlakase ea naha - e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa tšebeliso e kholo ea matla a macha.
III. Meralo ea Motheo ea Sechaba le Meaho e Meholo
Bakeng sa maemo a sechaba a hlokang phepelo e tsitsitseng, ea motlakase ea nako e telele le tlhokomelo e tlase, e sebelisoa haholo ho:
● Mehaho e meholo ea khoebo le ea sechaba: E kentsoe mabenkeleng a maholo, lihoteleng, lipetlele le boema-fofaneng, e fana ka matla a tsoelang pele bakeng sa moea o pholileng, lifti, mabone le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka. Bophelo ba eona bo bolelele ba tšebeletso (lilemo tse fetang 20) le litlhoko tse tlase tsa tlhokomelo li fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso bakeng sa batsamaisi ba meaho.
● Litsi tsa data: Litsi tsa data li sebetsa lihora tse 24 ka matsatsi a supileng ka matsatsi a supileng ka bongata bo boholo ba matla. Ho qhala mocheso ka katleho ha Transformer e Kenngoeng ka Oli ho fokotsa mojaro tsamaisong ea ho pholisa (tlhahiso e fokolang ea mocheso = tšebeliso e tlase ea matla a AC), ha phepelo ea eona e tsitsitseng ea motlakase e thibela nako ea ho se sebetse ha li-server le lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea data.
● Litsi tsa lipalangoang: Li sebelisoa liteisheneng tsa terene tse lebelo le phahameng, lits'ebetsong tsa terene ea ka tlas'a lefatše le likoung, e tšehetsa litlhoko tsa motlakase tsa litsamaiso tsa matšoao, matla a ho hula (bakeng sa literene), le lisebelisoa tsa thepa. Ho hanyetsa ha eona ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso le mongobo ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang lits'ebetsong tsa kantle kapa tse ka ntle hanyane.
IV. Tikoloho e Ikhethang e Boima
Sebopeho sa eona se tiileng se koetsoeng le ho hanyetsa mafome li etsa hore e lokele maemo a thata:
● Merafo le masimo a oli: Merafong e ka tlas'a lefatše kapa masimong a oli a hole, moo tikoloho e leng mongobo, e lerōle, kapa e pepesehetseng lintho tse senyang, oli ea ho thibela mocheso ea transformer le tanka e koetsoeng li sireletsa likarolo tsa ka hare hore li se ke tsa senyeha, li netefatsa phepelo ea motlakase bakeng sa mechini ea merafo kapa lisebelisoa tsa ho ntša oli.
● Mekhoa ea ho se sebelise motlakase o hole: Bakeng sa libaka tse arohaneng (mohlala, metse e lithaba, metse ea lihlekehleke) e nang le litsamaiso tsa motlakase tse ikemetseng (tse tsamaisoang ke lijenereithara tse nyane tsa motlakase oa metsi kapa oa diesel), litlhoko tse tlase tsa tlhokomelo ea transformer le nako e telele ea bophelo li fokotsa tlhoko ea litokiso tse etsoang khafetsa sebakeng seo, ho netefatsa matla a tsitsitseng a letsatsi le letsatsi.